Common Threaded Fasteners

Selecting the proper fastener for a particular application is a major design consideration. Selection is based on a variety of factors. The designers decision is primarily based on the type (tension, shear, impact, etc.) and amount of load the fastener must withstand and whether the fastener will be subject to vibration. The selection must also be based on cost of the fastener and assembly, as well as aesthetics.

Cap screws
Normally passes through a clearance hole in one member and screw into another
May be used on machine tools and other machines for which accuracy and appearance are important
Five types of American National Standard cap screw head styles
Machine screws
Similar to cap screws but are generally smaller (.060" to .750" diameter)
May be used in tapped holes or with nuts (nuts are normally hexagonal and used mainly on the round head, pan head, and flat head screws)
Particularly adapted to screwing into thin materials
Eight ANSI approved forms of heads

Set screws
Used to prevent relative motion between parts
Screwed into one part so that it's point bears firmly against another
Headless set screws are used most commonly
Captive screws
Screws that remain attached to the parent material even when disengaged from the mating part
Used so that the screw will not be lost and to aid in speedy assembly/disassembly
Tapping screws
Cut or form a mating thread when driven into preformed holes
Bolts
A threaded fastener that passes through clearance holes in assembled parts and threads into a nut
Studs
Shafts threaded on both ends

Head Styles

The head style of the threaded fastener chosen for a particular application depends on driving equipment used (screwdriver, socket wrench, etc.), the type of joint load, and the external appearance desired.

Wood screws
Three types of heads available are flat, pan, and oval

Source: http://faculty.ivytech.edu/~bl-desn/dsn104/lectures/Lecture%2013-%20Common%20Fasteners.doc

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Common Threaded Fasteners

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