Civil War Test

Study Guide Answers for Civil War Test

• Advantages of North and South?

North                                                                  South
*More people for troops and to make supplies     *Fighting on familiar territory
*More financial resources                                 *Fight fiercely to protect  land/ way of life
*Better transportation                                     *Only have to protect their land,
*More resources including, more Iron                    they don’t have to conquer land  * Great military leadership                                                                                            

 

• What were the military goals at the beginning of the war?

Union Goal: to bring the Southern states back into the Union
Confederate Goal: to be an independent country/preserve their way of life

• What were the military strategies?

North:  The Anaconda Plan

• Blockade southern ports so that they could not

get supplies in or their goods out to sell

• Control the Mississippi: This would cut the

South’s supplies and divide the Confederacy

• Capture Richmond the Confederate capital

South

• Defend its land from the invading Union  forces
• Get help from Great Britain and France who imported large amounts of southern cotton

3.  The Confederacy added another part to their plan, which was to invade the North to prove to the Union that they could not win the war
4.  What strategy did the North add? Why?
    The North made the war about slavery by issuing the Emancipation Proclamation. This was done to stop Great Britain and France from helping the South

•  How were the military strategies carried out?

North                                     
1.     Naval Blockade of Southern ports
•       Cut Southern Trade by 2/3
•       Monitor v. Merrimack
2.     Control the Mississippi River
•       Fort Henry and Donelson on the Cumberland River
•       Battle of Shioh
•       Battle of New Orleans
3.     Capture Richmond
•       1st Battle of Richmond-Unsuccessful
•       2nd Battle of Richmond- SUCCESSFUL
Changed/New Strategies
4. Issued the Emancipation Proclamation after the victory of Antietam to make the war about slavery so Great Britain and France wouldn’t help the South.

 

South
1.     Defend/ Tire the N
•       1st battle of Bull Run
•       1st Battle of Richmond
2.     Get Help from Great Britain and France
•       Hoped a win at Gettysburg would convince Great Britain and France to help, but were unsuccessful.
3.     Attack to humiliate
•       Second Battle of Bull Run
•       Gettysburg-unsuccessful

• Why did Lincoln issue the Emancipation Proclamation?

To make to war about slavery so Great Britain and France wouldn’t help the South

• Why did Lincoln suspend the right of habeas corpus?

To prevent people from interfering with the war effort. He felt that if s soldier ran away he would be shot, yet nothing would happen to the person who convinced him to run.

• Why did Fredrick Douglas think it was important for African Americans to fight in the war?

This would help them to secure their rights as citizens.

• Why were there draft riots? 2 reasons

: 1. The rich could get out of the draft by paying for a replacement, 2. They didn’t want to fight and die to free African Americans.

 

•   Why was Gettysburg a turning point in the war?
• The north started to win battles
• The Confederacy never invaded the North again because it lost huge portion of the soldiers
• Boosted the morale of the North
•  What was the strategy of total war? Who decided to use this strategy?

Total war is the destruction of anything that might be used by the enemy. Sherman convinced Grant to allow him to use this method

•  What happened at Appomattox Court House?

Confederate General Lee surrendered to Union General Grant

•  How did the Civil war change the United States? This is the Essay on  the test. Must be written in a paragraph.

•       13th amendment ends slavery
•       The US remains one country
•       The Constitution is strong; the national government has more power than the states, therefore secession will not be allowed
•       Rebuild the South physically and economically
•       The question of how to treat the newly freed slaves continues to pull the country apart
•       For generations the relationship between Northerners and Southerners remained hostile,
each side blaming the other for the war
•       600,000 soldiers died
•       Virginia split into 2 states
•       The question of how to treat the states that seceded needed to be decided

 

Ulysses S. Grant- Union General
Habeas corpus-guarantees the accused the right to a hearing before being jailed