The Inca lived along the western coast of South America. Their lands stretched over 2,000 miles from present-day Colombia south to Chile. Their empire was centered at their capital in Cusco, Peru. They also controlled lands in present-day Argentina, Bolivia, and Ecuador.
The Inca were known for many great achievements. They made beautiful gold, silver and bronze pieces. Their leader even had rooms of gold and silver in his palace. They were known for skillfully made textiles. The Inca built a network of roads to quickly move around their empire. Terraces built on the mountainsides helped the Inca farm on difficult lands. These achievements helped the Inca become the wealthiest of the native peoples in the New World.
Historians believe that the Inca Empire began in the early 1400s. They were in a time of expansion when the Spanish arrived. The Inca leader was killed, and, without a clear leader, the Inca people were unable to push back the Spanish.
The Spanish settlers wiped out much of the Inca culture and ruled for nearly three hundred years. Today, however, there is still evidence of the Inca. Their language, Quechua, is still spoken, and their terraces are still used for farming. Textiles made today are similar to those made five hundred years ago.
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After reading the information above, the members of your group should each choose something from the reading to illustrate. No two people should be drawing the same information. Use the paper provided and make sure that you put your name on your illustration.
Inca Civilization Map
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Use the map below to complete the following:
Answer the following:
Francisco Pizarro and Atahualpa
Francisco Pizarro was a Spanish conquistador. He is famous for conquering the Inca Empire in South America between 1531 and 1533.
In 1523, he led a voyage to explore the west coast of South America, south of Panama. He came across some Indian traders who told of a rich country to the south. He learned that these people were the Inca and that they lived in the area of what is now Peru. Over the next few years, Pizarro went back to Spain to get permission to invade and conquer the Inca.
Atahualpa was the last ruler of the Inca Empire. Inca land stretched two thousand miles along the Pacific Coast of South America. Atahualpa was the son of the Inca emperor Huayna Capac. After his father’s death, Atahualpa fought against his brother for control of the empire. Atahualpa won the battle and became Sapa Inca. The Sapa Inca was thought to be a living descendant of the sun god.
Pizarro learned the location of Atahualpa. In November 1532, a meeting was arranged between the two men and Cajamarca. The small group of Spanish men hid in buildings around the town. They hid their guns, cannons, and horses. Atahualpa arrived with thousands of men.
Atahualpa walked into a trap. When Pizarro came out, the Spanish began shooting their cannons and guns, which were unknown to the Inca. This startled and frightened the Inca warriors, and the guards around Atahualpa were killed. Pizarro captured Atahualpa and demanded a ransom. The Inca brought 24 tons of gold and silver in exchange for the life of Atahualpa. The gold and silver were melted into bars, and most were sent back to Spain for the king. However, Atahualpa was not released.
Atahualpa was executed on August 29, 1533, by Pizarro and his men. Atahualpa’s death ended the empire of the Inca. Even though some warriors still fought, the empire was gone because it had no recognized leader.
The Spanish settlements in Peru began to grow. Gold and silver continued to be taken from the Inca and shipped back to Spain. Pizarro grew wealthy. He founded the city of Lima and built a palace there. Some of the other Spanish leaders were jealous of Pizarro’s wealth. They tried to take over the palace in 1541. Pizarro was killed in the attack. For nearly 300 years, the Spanish ruled the lands once held by the Inca.
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Source: https://cobbk12-org.campuspack.net/Groups/Lov.SocialStudies.Robinson/Robinsons_Room/2013/02/February_27_2013/Stations_for_Incas.doc
Web site to visit: https://cobbk12-org.campuspack.net/
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